Backward-time positron representation in QED

ID: quantum.qed.feynman_stueckelberg_positron_representation

Feynman's backward-time electron lines represent positron amplitudes in QED; the representation does not identify all electron excitations as one worldline.

Status: canonical_reference

Uncertainty

• This canonical_reference badge is a theory locator; its claim still needs independent, claim-specific validation.

Sources

• https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.76.749
• https://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/info/other/Feynmans_Nobel_Lecture.pdf

Claim boundaries

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